Posts Tagged ‘intervals’

HIIT Training: The Cure for Insulin Resistance, Type 2 Diabetes, Metabolic Disease and Obesity?

January 28th, 2009
Art by Bill Hall - billhall.com

Art by Bill Hall - billhall.com

It’s official:

HIIT training is AWESOME!!!

Researchers from Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, Scotland have concluded that:

The efficacy of a high intensity exercise protocol, involving only 250 kcal of work each week, to substantially improve insulin action in young sedentary subjects  is  remarkable.

This novel  time-efficient  training paradigm can  be  used  as  a  strategy  to  reduce  metabolic  risk  factors  in  young  and middle aged sedentary populations who otherwise would not adhere  to  time consuming traditional aerobic exercise regimes.

And for those of you that don’t know, here are the risk factors of Metabolic Syndrome that HIIT training is so effective at reducing:

  • Abdominal obesity (excessive fat tissue in and around the abdomen)
  • Atherogenic dyslipidemia (blood fat disorders — high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol and high LDL cholesterol — that foster plaque buildups in artery walls)
  • Elevated blood pressure
  • Insulin resistance or glucose intolerance (the body can’t properly use insulin or blood sugar)
  • Prothrombotic state (e.g., high fibrinogen or plasminogen activator inhibitor–1 in the blood)
  • Proinflammatory state (e.g., elevated C-reactive protein in the blood)

People with the metabolic syndrome are at increased risk of coronary heart disease and other diseases related to plaque buildups in artery walls (e.g., stroke and peripheral vascular disease) and type 2 diabetes.

It’s estimated that over 50 million Americans have it.

And I am 100% sure that you don’t want it.

metabolic-syndrome

So, what do you need to do?

  1. Go to your doctor and get checked out – Max intensity sprints combined with a sky high B.P. is just asking for trouble.
  2. Go through my HIIT resources
  3. Find an exercise bike, set of stairs, outdoor track or even a carpeted area in your home to do burpees
  4. Schedule 3 x 15 minute HIIT workouts per week
  5. Get HIITing

And I am serious about the doctor. I don’t mean to sound like your mother, but a visit to your doctor at least once a year for a check-up is a very, very, very good idea.

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High Intensity Resistance Training…or Part 4 of the “Why Can’t I Lose This Fat” saga

September 30th, 2008

.For those of you that need to catch up, here is  Part 1, Part 2, and Part 3.

And now that you’re all caught up, on with Part 4.

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Part 4 – High Intensity Resistance Training

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As I said in Part 3, high intensity resistance workouts are the superstars of this entire program. When performed properly, they elevate your BMR, drastically increase your EPOC and burn a fair amount of calories per workout.

But all you need to know is that they:

  • Increase metabolism for up to 36 hours post-workout
  • Drastically outperform diet and aerobic exercise in fat loss studies
  • Maintain muscle mass in subjects on a Very Low Calorie Diet

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H.I.R.T. Workouts

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Overview

Always remember that the goal of this program is to burn as much fat as possible, while preserving your current level of muscle mass.

To achieve this goal, your program needs to focus on:

  • Total Body workouts
  • Pushing yourself until your muscles burn with lactic acid
  • Perform super-sets, tri-sets, giant sets, etc…
  • Compound exercises – squats instead of leg extensions
  • Big muscle groups – legs, back and chest instead of arms and shoulders
  • Performing sets of 5 to 15 repetitions

How you put together all of these elements is up to you. Your physiology is different than mine. Your history of injuries is different than mine. Your availability to equipment is different from mine. Your tolerance for exercise intensity is different…

But even with all of these differences, two things need to be the same. We both need to ensure that we:

  • Maximize the Intensity of Each EXERCISE, and
  • Maximize the Intensity of Each WORKOUT

So, how do we do that?

Old School v.s. New School

High Intensity Resistance Training (HIRT) has been around for a long time. There is a ton of information available to help you design your own program. It’s the stuff you see in the bodybuilding magazines.

To be honest, I couldn’t care less about the Old School HIRT training. Not that it doesn’t work. It just bores me.

However, if you are interested, here are a few links:

Bodybuilding.com

Dave Draper

IronMan Magazine

Mens Health

Now that I have given such a glowing review about Old School HIRT training, let me introduce you to the New School.

Let me introduce you to FUSION training.

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FUSION Training

I have been playing around with this type of training for the past few years.

Here is the general concept.

We already know that for fat loss training, generating exercise and workout intensity is key.

That is why Compound exercises (Squats, Deadlifts) are better than Isolation exercises (Leg Extension, Leg Curl).

Fusion exercises and workouts raise the intensity bar even higher.

Imagine an exercise where you combine a deadlift, a snatch and an overhead squat.

All in one move. You do not put the bar down until you have completed the set.

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That is a Fusion exercise.

Now imagine a workout where you string together set after set of these Fusion exercises.

That is a Fusion workout, and it WILL kick your tail.

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Build Your Own Fusion Workout

The Basics

  • 3x per week Maximum
  • At least 24 hrs. rest between workouts
  • Put the most complicated Fusions at the beginning of the workout
  • Put the most intense Fusions at the beginning of the workout
  • Hit all of the major movements each workout
  • Change repetition schemes each workout
  • 60 seconds between sets
  • The weakest exercise in the Fusion will determine the exercise weight
  • Be prepared for nausea…seriously

Sample Workout

Here is a workout I designed for a client earlier this month.

  • The client is training 3x per week – Mon/Wed/Fri
  • I have designed 2 different workouts to ensure that each week will be different
  • Week 1 will consist of workouts A, B and A – Week 2 will consist of workouts B, A and B and so on…
  • Each workout will have 4 Fusion exercises
  • Monday’s workout will consist of 5 sets of 5 reps of each Fusion exercise
  • Wednesday’s workout will consist of 4 sets of 8 reps of each Fusion exercise
  • Friday’s workout will consist of 3 sets of 12 reps of each Fusion exercise
  • In addition to fat loss, this client needs to bring up leg and core strength – exercise selection will reflect that goal

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Fusion Workout A

Exercise 1: BB / DB Hanging Clean to Thruster – 60 sec. rest between sets

Hanging Clean demo video

Thruster demo video

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Exercise 2: 1 Arm Cable / Band Chest Press to 1 Arm Cable / Band Row – 60 sec. rest between sets

Press demo video

Row demo video

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Exercise 3: Chin-Up to Windshield Wipers – 60 sec. rest between sets

Windshield Wiper demo video

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Exercise 4: 10 Minutes of Swing Snatches – 1 set – as many reps as possible

Swing Snatch demo video

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Fusion Workout B

Exercise 1: 1 Leg Squat to 1 Leg Deadlift to Bulgarian Squat – 60 sec. rest between sets

1 Leg Squat demo video

1 Leg Deadlift demo video

Bulgarian Squat demo video

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Exercise 2: Glute-Ham Raise to Standing Cable Crunch Crunch to Pulldowns – 60 sec. rest between sets

Glute-Ham Raise demo video

Standing Cable Crunch demo video

Pulldown demo video

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Exercise 3: Stability Ball Push Up to Twisting Jack-Knife – 60 sec. rest between sets

Tempo is modified to increase or decrease intensity

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Exercise 4: Plank Series – Side / Supine / Other Side / Prone – 30 sec. each position

Side and Prone Plank demo video

Supine Bridge demo video

OR

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Now It’s Your Turn

When it comes to designing your own Fusion workout, try and choose exercises that hit a variety of muscle groups and movement patterns.

Here are some of my favorites to get you started:

Posterior Chain

  • Deadlift
  • 1 Leg Deadlift
  • Suitcase Deadlift
  • Romanian Deadlift
  • Pullthroughs
  • Good Mornings
  • Glute Ham Raises
  • Any Olympic lift – snatch, clean

Anterior Chain

  • Lunges..all varieties
  • Squats
  • Bulgarian Squats
  • Overhead Squats
  • Squat Jumps
  • 1 Leg Squat
  • Front Squat
  • Zercher Squat

Horizontal Push

  • Standing Cable / Band Press
  • Push-Ups…all varieties
  • Dive Bombers or Hindu Push-Ups

Horizontal Pull

  • Body weight Row
  • Bent-Over Row
  • Sternum Chin-Ups
  • Standing Cable / Band Row

Vertical Push

  • Presses…all varieties
  • Thrusters
  • Handstand Push-Up

Vertical Pull

  • Chin-Ups
  • Pull-Ups
  • Pulldowns
  • High Pulls

Core

  • Planks or other “postures”
  • Crunches…all varieties
  • Leg raises…all varieties
  • Twisting movements (woodchops, etc…)
  • Roll-Outs

and many, many more…

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That should get you started.

In Part 5 of this series, I will look at High Intensity Anaerobic Interval Training (HIIT).

So, until then,

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4 Steps to a Great HIIT Workout

June 9th, 2008

Art by Bill Hall

In a couple of recent posts, (here and here) I discussed the science behind High Intensity Interval Training or HIIT Training. In those posts, I discussed why HIIT is an essential tool in developing complete physical fitness as well as being a VERY effective fat burning tool.

I have also designed a custom HIIT workout geared to improve your vertical jump, click here.

Today’s post will give you the tools to develop your own HIIT or Sprint Training program.

The 4 Steps to a Great HIITWorkout

1. Exercise Selection

Most of the research studies into HIIT have relied on stationary bicycles or ergo-meters to test the effectiveness of this training protocol. Mainly this is due to the need for these studies to control all of the variables in a closed laboratory setting. Kinesiology lab = Stationary bike.

You, however, are not limited to an exercise bike, treadmill or ergo-meter (stationary rowing machine). HIIT or Sprint Training requires an all-out effort followed by an ‘active’ rest period. As long as you choose exercises that are fully challenging your body for the entire sprint portion, you are limited only by your imagination.

My two caveats are that

  1. You should choose big compound exercises that use as many muscles as possible.
  2. You should choose exercises that involve continuous movement. There should be little to no resting during the exercise – i.e. no bench press, power cleans where you drop the bar to the floor.

Here are some suggestions:

Cardio machines

  • Bike
  • Treadmill – be careful transitioning from sprint to recovery – some treadmills are more suited to this type of exercise than others – Back in the day, I used to keep the treadmill at a fast clip and increase the incline for my sprint and then (as quickly as I could hit the ‘decline elevation’ key, bring the treadmill level for the active rest portion.
  • Elliptical – Same warning as the treadmill
  • Ergo-meter / Stationary Flywheel Rowing Machine
  • Versaclimber, VersaPulley

Body Wight Exercises

  • Sprinting – track, indoor, outdoor, cross-country, etc.
  • Hill Sprints
  • Sand dune sprints
  • Swimming
  • Road cycling – My be difficult to coordinate HIIT if you have to deal with traffic
  • Jumping Jacks
  • Burpees
  • Think gym class calisthenics or take a look at some of the crossfit videos on you tube.

External Resistance Exercises

This is where you are really limited only by your imagination and your common sense. Remember, you should be going full out. Moves that are too complex won’t work when you hit that great big wall of pain.

2. Volume

Simply put, as you increase the volume of your HIIT work, your anaerobic endurance improves and the amount of caloric burn increases.

I have included a linear Volume Progression chart for you to follow. Beginners should start with 1 x 20 minute workout per week. Trainees with a good aerobic / anaerobic base can start with 2 x 20 minute workouts per week.

Don’t underestimate HIIT. It’s not like aerobic or standard resistance training. There is a strong neuro-muscular component to this training. You will over train if you are not careful.

Work to increase your volume to the maximum recommended 3 x 30 minute workouts per week before increasing the intensity or eternal load.

3. Intensity

I am defining intensity in reference to the ratio of sprint time to active rest time. In the McMaster University study, the participants struggled with a 1:9 – Sprint:Active Rest Ratio.

My Intensity Progression Chart takes you from a 1:9 ratio all the way to a 1:3 ratio.

In each Sprint:Recovery Ratio Category, I have provided guidelines based on 4 different sprint durations. Feel free to jump back and forth between sprint durations in between workouts. A 10 second sprint is not necessarily any harder than a 30 second sprint. Depending upon your individual fitness, you may find the 30 second sprint harder than the 10 second, while your training partner may be the complete opposite.

My advice; do whichever length is the hardest for you.

Beginners will start out with the 1:9 Ratio and progress through to the 1:3 Ratio.

The range of Sprints per Workout is to accommodate your improvements in HIIT Volume Progression. In the 1:3 Ratio workout, 30 second sprints performed for 20 minutes will result in a total of 10 sprints. As you progress to a 30 minute workout, you will be doing 15 sprints.

4. External Load

The final step to a great HIIT workout is external load.

Increase the resistance on your cardio machine. Increase the weight of the dumbbell. Or use one of my favorite tools, the X Vest. A less expensive brand of weighted vest is available here.

This is the final step on your path to a great HIIT / Sprint Training Workout.

To Review

  • Choose your HIIT exercise carefully. Big muscle groups, constant motion, not too complex to perform when you are tired, availability in the gym and hopefully something you enjoy performing.
  • Increase your HIIT Volume
  • Increase your HIIT Intensity
  • Increase your external load

With just these 4 steps, you have an endless number of HIIT workout options.

For a custom HIIT geared to improve your vertical jump, click here.

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And while it’s not required, I highly recommend using an interval timer with your Tabatas. Trying to watch the clock an do these workouts is a real pain in the butt.

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